Pneumothoraces are a type of medical condition that occurs when air enters the chest cavity outside the lung. Because of the unique characteristics of pneumothoraces, they can be a complex issue to diagnose and treat. The first characteristic of pneumothoraces is that they can range from being completely asymptomatic to having severe symptoms. Although some may not have any signs and symptoms, those who do experience feelings of shortness of breath, chest discomfort, chest pain and a rapid heart rate. It is important to note that the severity of the symptoms is usually determined by the size of the pneumothorax, with smaller pneumothoraces leading to milder symptoms. The second characteristic of pneumothoraces is that different types of imaging can be used to make a diagnosis. While plain chest x-rays are the most commonly used form of imaging, it may be necessary for a patient to receive other types of imaging such as CT scans or ultrasound in order to make a definitive diagnosis. Additionally, an arterial blood gas test can be used to confirm the diagnosis. Overall, pneumothoraces are a complex issue that can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Thankfully, imaging methods and treatments such as chest tube insertion and needle aspiration can be used to diagnose and treat this condition when needed. It is important to note that any individual who experiences the symptoms of a pneumothorax should seek medical care in order to be properly treated and monitored.