Lice are a type of tiny parasite that lives on or near human skin or scalps. Although lice can cause irritating and itchy discomfort, they can actually offer a number of beneficial properties to humans. One beneficial aspect of lice is that they provide valuable insight into the evolutionary process and human migration patterns. By collecting and studying lice genes, scientists are able to identify and trace the origins of human populations — especially those who have traveled nomadically over long distances. This knowledge can help to better inform archeological and historical research into our species’ evolution. The second benefit of lice is their ability to help in the diagnosis of certain diseases. By observing the structure and movement of lice, physicians can identify the presence of certain diseases, such as typhoid and trench fever, which can help to provide for timely treatments. Lice also can be used to identify the presence of certain pathogens and chemicals within specific environments. In addition, lice also are being explored for potential usage as disease-fighting agents. Overall, lice can offer a lot of insight and knowledge, as well as some potential treatments for certain diseases. Even though they can be quite uncomfortable, lice offer a number of potential benefits that could be used to the benefit of humans.